{"id":14062,"date":"2025-12-22T14:54:29","date_gmt":"2025-12-22T11:54:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/?p=14062"},"modified":"2025-12-22T14:57:36","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T11:57:36","slug":"saglik-calisanlarina-yonelik-siddet-is-hukuku-acisindan-bir-degerlendirme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/saglik-calisanlarina-yonelik-siddet-is-hukuku-acisindan-bir-degerlendirme\/","title":{"rendered":"Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet: \u0130\u015f hukuku a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir de\u011ferlendirme"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"qtranxs-available-languages-message qtranxs-available-languages-message-en\">Sorry, this entry is only available in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14062\" class=\"qtranxs-available-language-link qtranxs-available-language-link-tr\" title=\"T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\">T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p><p data-start=\"130\" data-end=\"658\">Son y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131 alarm verici boyutlara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Hasta veya hasta yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6fke patlamalar\u0131, acil servislerdeki yo\u011funluk ya da ileti\u015fim kopukluklar\u0131 gibi nedenlerle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar yaln\u0131zca bireysel trajedilere yol a\u00e7mamakta; ayn\u0131 zamanda sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetinin s\u00fcreklili\u011fini, niteli\u011fini ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini do\u011frudan tehdit ederek sa\u011fl\u0131k sisteminin temel ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 sarsmakta, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n mesleki motivasyonunu ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ciddi bi\u00e7imde zedelemektedir.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"660\" data-end=\"714\">\u0130\u015e KAZASI KAVRAMI: ULUSLARARASI VE ULUSAL TANIMLAR<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"716\" data-end=\"1120\">\u0130\u015f kazas\u0131 kavram\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flar taraf\u0131ndan benzer unsurlarla tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (WHO), i\u015f kazas\u0131n\u0131 \u201c\u00f6nceden planlanmam\u0131\u015f, beklenmedik bir olay\u201d olarak niteler ve bu olay\u0131n yaralanmaya, ekipman hasar\u0131na veya \u00fcretimin durmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fini belirtir. Uluslararas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (ILO) ise vurguyu \u201cbelirli bir zarar veya yaralanmaya neden olan beklenmedik olay\u201d \u00fczerinde yapar.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1122\" data-end=\"1772\">Her iki tan\u0131m da ortak noktalarda bulu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Olay\u0131n \u00f6nceden \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclememesi, beklenmedik nitelikte olmas\u0131 ve ki\u015fiye veya mala zarar vermesi \u015feklinde ana hatlar\u0131yla tan\u0131mlanabilir. Zarar, bedensel yaralanma, sakatl\u0131k veya \u00f6l\u00fcmle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmay\u0131p ruhsal travmalar\u0131 da kapsayabilir. \u00d6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl kazalar bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde \u00f6l\u00fcme yol a\u00e7anlar olarak ayr\u0131l\u0131rken, \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl olmayanlar ise genellikle en az d\u00f6rt g\u00fcn i\u015f g\u00f6remezlik yaratan olaylar olarak istatistiklere yans\u0131maktad\u0131r. Bu olaylar, ma\u011fdur ve ailesi \u00fczerinde derin maddi ve manevi izler b\u0131rakarak kal\u0131c\u0131 sakatl\u0131k, meslekten uzakla\u015fma veya kariyer de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi gibi sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furma potansiyeline sahiptir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1774\" data-end=\"2306\">T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de i\u015f kazas\u0131, ba\u015fta 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu olmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli mevzuatla d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Kanunun 3. maddesinde i\u015f kazas\u0131, \u201ci\u015fyerinde veya i\u015fin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesi sebebiyle meydana gelen, \u00f6l\u00fcme veya v\u00fccut b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ruhen ya da bedenen bozulmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an olay\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Benzer \u015fekilde, 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun 13. maddesi i\u015f kazas\u0131n\u0131, \u201csigortal\u0131y\u0131 hemen veya sonradan bedenen ya da ruhen engelli hale getiren olay\u201d \u015feklinde ifade eder ve \u015fu halleri sayar:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2308\" data-end=\"2605\">\n<li data-start=\"2308\" data-end=\"2352\">\n<p data-start=\"2310\" data-end=\"2352\">Sigortal\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fyerinde bulundu\u011fu s\u0131rada,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2353\" data-end=\"2442\">\n<p data-start=\"2355\" data-end=\"2442\">\u0130\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen i\u015f sebebiyle (ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in kendileri dahil),<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2443\" data-end=\"2491\">\n<p data-start=\"2445\" data-end=\"2491\">G\u00f6revle i\u015fyeri d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ge\u00e7irilen zamanlarda,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2492\" data-end=\"2549\">\n<p data-start=\"2494\" data-end=\"2549\">Emziren kad\u0131n sigortal\u0131lar i\u00e7in s\u00fct verme aralar\u0131nda,<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2550\" data-end=\"2605\">\n<p data-start=\"2552\" data-end=\"2605\">\u0130\u015fverence sa\u011flanan ta\u015f\u0131tla i\u015fe gidi\u015f geli\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2607\" data-end=\"2885\">Bu d\u00fczenlemeler, i\u015f kazas\u0131n\u0131n temel unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Sigortal\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fveren otoritesi alt\u0131nda olmas\u0131 ve olay\u0131n ani ve d\u0131\u015f etkenli \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi bu unsurlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. \u00d6zellikle i\u015fyerinde meydana gelen olaylar, do\u011frudan i\u015f kazas\u0131 kapsam\u0131na girmektedir.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2887\" data-end=\"2958\">SA\u011eLIK \u00c7ALI\u015eANLARININ HUKUK\u0130 STAT\u00dcS\u00dc VE \u015e\u0130DDET\u0130N \u0130\u015e KAZASI N\u0130TEL\u0130\u011e\u0130<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2960\" data-end=\"3416\">Sa\u011fl\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, kamu ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6zel sekt\u00f6rde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar 4857 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Kanunu kapsam\u0131nda \u201ci\u015f\u00e7i\u201d, kamu sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar ise 657 say\u0131l\u0131 Devlet Memurlar\u0131 Kanunu uyar\u0131nca \u201cmemur\u201d veya \u201cs\u00f6zle\u015fmeli personel\u201d stat\u00fcs\u00fcndedir. Her iki durumda da sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, emeklerini bir i\u015fverene (\u00f6zel hastane y\u00f6netimi veya Devlet) tahsis eder ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fccret al\u0131r. G\u00f6rev yeri ise hastanedir; yani i\u015fyeri hastane binas\u0131 ve \u00e7evresidir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3418\" data-end=\"3840\">Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede, sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinin hasta tedavisi gibi asli g\u00f6revleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda hasta veya yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndan gelen ani bir fiziksel sald\u0131r\u0131 t\u00fcm unsurlar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Olay i\u015fyerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir, i\u015fin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesiyle do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r (tedavi s\u00fcreci), d\u0131\u015f etkenlidir (\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131) ve bedensel veya ruhsal zarara yol a\u00e7ar. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet, i\u015f kazas\u0131 olarak nitelendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3842\" data-end=\"4371\">Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f uygulamada da destek bulmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ilgili yaz\u0131lar\u0131 ile T\u00fcrk Tabipleri Birli\u011fi\u2019nin ba\u015fvurular\u0131 do\u011frultusunda, \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131nda \u201cBeyaz Kod\u201d bildirimi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsa dahi ayr\u0131ca i\u015f kazas\u0131 bildirimi yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130\u015fverenin (kamu veya \u00f6zel kurum), olay\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 i\u015f g\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7inde Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumu\u2019na bildirme y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu bildirim, ma\u011fdur personelin sosyal g\u00fcvenlik haklar\u0131ndan (tedavi masraflar\u0131, gelir kayb\u0131 tazminat\u0131 vb.) yararlanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"4373\" data-end=\"4420\">\u015e\u0130DDET \u0130\u015e KAZASIDIR VE \u00d6NLENMES\u0130 ZORUNLUDUR<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4422\" data-end=\"4897\">Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet, yaln\u0131zca ceza hukuku kapsam\u0131nda ele al\u0131nacak bir sorun de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi meselesidir. 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 13. maddesi ve 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un genel ilkeleri \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, g\u00f6rev s\u0131ras\u0131nda u\u011fran\u0131lan sald\u0131r\u0131lar a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a i\u015f kazas\u0131 kapsam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu kabul, i\u015fverenlere daha etkili \u00f6nleyici tedbirler alma (g\u00fcvenlik personeli art\u0131r\u0131m\u0131, risk analizi, e\u011fitim) y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc getirirken, ma\u011fdurlara da yasal koruma sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4899\" data-end=\"5872\">\u015eiddetin \u00f6nlenmesine y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131, ge\u00e7ici ve tepkisel \u00f6nlemlerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmamal\u0131; b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir yakla\u015f\u0131m benimsenmelidir. Bu kapsamda hastane y\u00f6netimlerinin d\u00fczenli risk analizleri yapmas\u0131, g\u00fcvenlik protokollerini g\u00fcncellemesi ve kolluk kuvvetleriyle etkin bir i\u015f birli\u011fi mekanizmas\u0131 kurmas\u0131 zorunluluk arz etmektedir. Bununla birlikte, sa\u011fl\u0131kta \u015fiddetin normalle\u015ftirilmesinin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesi i\u00e7in toplumsal fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve cayd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 hukuki d\u00fczenlemelerin etkin bi\u00e7imde uygulanmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131, insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 koruma g\u00f6revini yerine getirirken \u00e7o\u011fu zaman kendi can g\u00fcvenliklerini tehlikeye atmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle g\u00f6rev s\u0131ras\u0131nda maruz kal\u0131nan \u015fiddet olgular\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f kazas\u0131 olarak tan\u0131nmas\u0131 ve bu risklerin en aza indirilmesine y\u00f6nelik yap\u0131sal \u00f6nlemlerin hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi hem \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 hem de sa\u011fl\u0131k sisteminin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazd\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Stj. Av. Beyza Alt\u0131n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sorry, this entry is only available in T\u00fcrk\u00e7e. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.Son y\u0131llarda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131 alarm verici boyutlara ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f durumdad\u0131r. Hasta veya hasta yak\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6fke patlamalar\u0131, acil servislerdeki yo\u011funluk ya [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":14063,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[256],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14062","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-is-hukuku"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14062","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14062"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14062\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14063"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14062"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14062"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14062"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}