{"id":15168,"date":"2026-11-04T12:23:58","date_gmt":"2026-11-04T09:23:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/?p=15168"},"modified":"2026-11-04T12:23:58","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T09:23:58","slug":"hukmun-aciklanmasinin-geri-birakilmasi-hagb-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/hukmun-aciklanmasinin-geri-birakilmasi-hagb-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00fckm\u00fcn A\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n Geri B\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 (HAGB) Nedir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in T\u00fcrk\u00e7e<\/a>. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.<\/p>\u00d6zet: <\/strong>H\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 (HAGB), san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda kurulan mahk\u00fbmiyet h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn belirli \u015fartlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi h\u00e2linde a\u00e7\u0131klanmamas\u0131d\u0131r. San\u0131k be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k denetim s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde yeni bir kas\u0131tl\u0131 su\u00e7 i\u015flemez ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerine uyarsa h\u00fck\u00fcm hi\u00e7 kurulmam\u0131\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r ve dava d\u00fc\u015fer. HAGB kurumu son y\u0131llarda Anayasa Mahkemesi kararlar\u0131 ve kanun de\u011fi\u015fiklikleriyle \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yeniden \u015fekillenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

HAGB Nedir?<\/h2>\n

HAGB, kurulan h\u00fckm\u00fcn san\u0131k bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hukuki bir sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir ceza muhakemesi kurumudur. Mahkeme cezay\u0131 belirler, ancak h\u00fckm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klamaz ve san\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir denetim s\u00fcresine tabi tutar. Bu s\u00fcre sorunsuz ge\u00e7erse mahk\u00fbmiyet hi\u00e7 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmemi\u015f gibi sonu\u00e7 do\u011furur.<\/p>\n

Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu m.231\/5<\/strong><\/p>\n

San\u0131\u011fa y\u00fcklenen su\u00e7tan dolay\u0131 yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lama sonunda h\u00fckmolunan ceza, iki y\u0131l veya daha az s\u00fcreli hapis veya adli para cezas\u0131 ise mahkemece h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilebilir. H\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131, kurulan h\u00fckm\u00fcn san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda bir hukuki sonu\u00e7 do\u011furmamas\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder.<\/em><\/p>\n

HAGB’nin \u015eartlar\u0131<\/h2>\n

HAGB karar\u0131 verilebilmesi i\u00e7in hem cezaya hem de san\u0131\u011f\u0131n durumuna ili\u015fkin \u015fartlar\u0131n birlikte ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Ceza s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131: <\/strong>H\u00fckmolunan cezan\u0131n iki y\u0131l veya daha az s\u00fcreli hapis ya da adli para cezas\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekir. Buradaki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct, kanundaki ceza de\u011fil mahkemenin somut olayda h\u00fckmetti\u011fi cezad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
  • \u00d6nceki mahk\u00fbmiyet: <\/strong>San\u0131\u011f\u0131n daha \u00f6nce kas\u0131tl\u0131 bir su\u00e7tan mahk\u00fbm olmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/li>\n
  • Mahkemenin kanaati: <\/strong>Mahkemenin, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n ki\u015filik \u00f6zellikleri ile duru\u015fmadaki tutum ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak yeniden su\u00e7 i\u015flemeyece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde kanaate ula\u015fmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/li>\n
  • Zarar\u0131n giderilmesi: <\/strong>Su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesiyle ma\u011fdurun veya kamunun u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zarar\u0131n aynen iade, su\u00e7tan \u00f6nceki h\u00e2le getirme veya tazmin yoluyla tamamen giderilmesi gerekir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Denetim S\u00fcresi ve Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler<\/h2>\n

    HAGB karar\u0131yla san\u0131k bir denetim s\u00fcresine tabi tutulur. Kas\u0131tl\u0131 su\u00e7larda bu s\u00fcre be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r. Su\u00e7a s\u00fcr\u00fcklenen \u00e7ocuklar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u00fcre \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l olarak uygulan\u0131r. Denetim s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde dava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 durur. Mahkeme, san\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde bir denetimli serbestlik tedbirine uymas\u0131na da karar verebilir.<\/p>\n

    HAGB Karar\u0131n\u0131n Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Durum<\/strong><\/td>\nSonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Denetim s\u00fcresi sorunsuz ge\u00e7erse<\/strong><\/td>\nYeni kas\u0131tl\u0131 su\u00e7 i\u015flenmez ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklere uyulursa h\u00fck\u00fcm hi\u00e7 kurulmam\u0131\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r ve dava d\u00fc\u015fer<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Denetim s\u00fcresinde kas\u0131tl\u0131 su\u00e7 i\u015flenirse<\/strong><\/td>\nMahkeme geri b\u0131rak\u0131lan h\u00fckm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klar<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler ihlal edilirse<\/strong><\/td>\nMahkeme h\u00fckm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klayabilir veya yeni bir de\u011ferlendirme yapabilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

     <\/p>\n

    HAGB Karar\u0131na \u0130tiraz<\/h2>\n

    HAGB karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131, karar\u0131n tebli\u011finden itibaren iki hafta i\u00e7inde itiraz yoluna ba\u015fvurulabilir. \u0130tiraz \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan inceleme, kural olarak karar\u0131n yasal \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle itiraz dilek\u00e7esinin do\u011fru gerek\u00e7elerle haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    HAGB’nin Uygulanmayaca\u011f\u0131 H\u00e2ller<\/h2>\n

    Baz\u0131 su\u00e7lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan HAGB uygulanamaz. G\u00fcncel d\u00fczenlemeye g\u00f6re i\u015fkence ve eziyet su\u00e7lar\u0131 ile kamu g\u00f6revlisinin g\u00f6revi sebebiyle i\u015fledi\u011fi ve Anayasa’n\u0131n 17. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele say\u0131labilecek su\u00e7larda HAGB karar\u0131 verilemez. Ayr\u0131ca taksirle i\u015flenen su\u00e7lar HAGB kapsam\u0131nda farkl\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilir ve yaln\u0131zca kas\u0131tl\u0131 su\u00e7lar denetim s\u00fcresi sonunda h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n

    HAGB ve Adli Sicil<\/h2>\n

    HAGB kararlar\u0131, Adli Sicil Kanunu kapsam\u0131ndaki genel adli sicil kayd\u0131na i\u015flenmez. Bu kararlar yaln\u0131zca bu bilgilere \u00f6zg\u00fc tutulan ayr\u0131 bir sisteme kaydedilir ve ancak kanunda say\u0131lan ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131labilir. Bu nedenle HAGB karar\u0131, denetim s\u00fcresi sorunsuz tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ki\u015finin adli sicil kayd\u0131nda mahk\u00fbmiyet olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez.<\/p>\n

    G\u00fcncel Durum: Anayasa Mahkemesi ve Mevzuat De\u011fi\u015fiklikleri<\/h2>\n

    HAGB kurumu son d\u00f6nemde k\u00f6kl\u00fc de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir. Anayasa Mahkemesi, 10 Temmuz 2025 tarihli ve E.2024\/98, K.2025\/149 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131yla CMK m.231’in ilgili f\u0131kralar\u0131n\u0131 iptal etmi\u015ftir. Karar 31 Aral\u0131k 2025 tarihli Resm\u00ee Gazete’de yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015f ve iptalin y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesi 30 Eyl\u00fcl 2026 olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir. Bu tarihten \u00f6nce yasa koyucu yeniden d\u00fczenleme yapm\u0131\u015f ve 7589 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile CMK m.231’in ilgili f\u0131kralar\u0131 yeniden kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kas\u0131m 2026 itibar\u0131yla HAGB kurumu, bu yeni d\u00fczenleme \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde uygulanmaya devam etmektedir. Mevzuat h\u0131zla de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi i\u00e7in g\u00fcncel bir dosyada mutlaka y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki metnin ve son de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin bir avukatla birlikte de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n

    HAGB’de Yarg\u0131tay Kararlar\u0131<\/h2>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay Ceza Genel Kurulu, E. 2020\/252, K. 2024\/112, T. 06.03.2024<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Karar, denetim s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde yeniden HAGB karar\u0131 verilip verilemeyece\u011fini ele alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kurul, bir ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda daha \u00f6nce verilmi\u015f HAGB karar\u0131n\u0131n denetim s\u00fcresi devam ederken i\u015flenen su\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan yeniden HAGB uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde engel bulundu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde de\u011ferlendirme yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu karar, HAGB’nin tekrar tekrar uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Yarg\u0131tay kararlar\u0131 somut olay\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirilir. HAGB alan\u0131nda mevzuat\u0131n s\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fmesi nedeniyle, eski tarihli kararlar\u0131n g\u00fcncel d\u00fczenleme kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki ge\u00e7erlili\u011fi ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6zetilmelidir.<\/p>\n

    \u0130lgili i\u00e7erik: <\/strong>Ceza Avukat\u0131 (\/bursa-ceza-avukati\/) \u00b7 A\u011f\u0131r Ceza Avukat\u0131 (\/bursa-agir-ceza-avukati\/)<\/p>\n

    S\u0131k Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n

    HAGB i\u00e7in ceza s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Mahkemenin h\u00fckmetti\u011fi cezan\u0131n iki y\u0131l veya daha az s\u00fcreli hapis ya da adli para cezas\u0131 olmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fct, kanundaki ceza de\u011fil somut olayda verilen cezad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    HAGB denetim s\u00fcresi ka\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Kas\u0131tl\u0131 su\u00e7larda denetim s\u00fcresi be\u015f y\u0131ld\u0131r. Su\u00e7a s\u00fcr\u00fcklenen \u00e7ocuklar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bu s\u00fcre \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l olarak uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Denetim s\u00fcresinde yeni su\u00e7 i\u015flenirse ne olur?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Denetim s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde kas\u0131tl\u0131 bir su\u00e7 i\u015flenirse mahkeme geri b\u0131rak\u0131lan h\u00fckm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klar. Taksirli su\u00e7lar bu sonucu do\u011furmaz.<\/p>\n

    HAGB adli sicile i\u015fler mi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    HAGB kararlar\u0131 genel adli sicil kayd\u0131na i\u015flenmez. Bu kararlar yaln\u0131zca kanunda belirtilen ama\u00e7larla kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere ayr\u0131 bir sisteme kaydedilir.<\/p>\n

    HAGB karar\u0131na nas\u0131l itiraz edilir?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Karara, tebli\u011finden itibaren iki hafta i\u00e7inde itiraz edilebilir. \u0130nceleme kural olarak yasal \u015fartlar\u0131n bulunup bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan dilek\u00e7enin do\u011fru gerek\u00e7elendirilmesi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

    Her su\u00e7ta HAGB uygulan\u0131r m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Hay\u0131r. \u0130\u015fkence ve eziyet su\u00e7lar\u0131 ile kamu g\u00f6revlisinin Anayasa’n\u0131n 17. maddesi kapsam\u0131nda k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele say\u0131labilecek su\u00e7lar\u0131nda HAGB uygulanamaz.<\/p>\n

    Bu i\u00e7erik genel bilgilendirme ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r ve hukuki dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k yerine ge\u00e7mez. HAGB mevzuat\u0131 son d\u00f6nemde s\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fmektedir ve her dosya kendi ko\u015fullar\u0131 i\u00e7inde de\u011ferlendirilir. S\u00fcreciniz i\u00e7in bir avukata dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir.<\/em>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Sorry, this entry is only available in T\u00fcrk\u00e7e. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.\u00d6zet: H\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 (HAGB), san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda kurulan mahk\u00fbmiyet h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fcn belirli \u015fartlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi h\u00e2linde a\u00e7\u0131klanmamas\u0131d\u0131r. San\u0131k be\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k denetim s\u00fcresi i\u00e7inde yeni […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":15169,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15168","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15168","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15168"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15168\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15169"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ozkokhukuk.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}