The International Dimension of Tax Evasion
• The Concept of Tax Haven: One of the most frequently used methods of tax evasion, tax havens offer an attractive environment for companies to record their profits with low tax rates and confidentiality principles.
• Transfer Pricing: Determining prices different from the real market value in transactions between subsidiaries of multinational companies in different countries in order to shift profits to a country with low taxation.
• Offshore Companies: Companies established in tax havens in order to avoid tax liabilities.
• Financial Instruments: Complex financial instruments complicate tax audits by concealing the true owner of assets.
International Law and Cooperation
• OECD and BEPS Project: The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has set international standards to prevent tax evasion by multinational companies within the scope of the Tax Erosion and Profit Erosion (BEPS) project.
• Double Taxation Avoidance Agreements: These agreements signed between countries aim to reduce tax evasion by preventing the same income from being taxed in more than one country.
• Automatic Information Exchange: A system that allows financial institutions to automatically share financial information about their customers with other countries.
• Punishment of Tax Crimes: Cooperation between countries to prevent tax crimes from going unpunished and signing joint extradition agreements.
The Situation in Turkey
• Legal Regulations in Turkey: Information can be provided on legal regulations and sanctions implemented in Turkey to combat tax evasion.
• International Cooperation: Measures taken against tax evasion within the framework of Turkey’s cooperation with the OECD and other international organizations.